TCP

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TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. It is a OSI layer 4 (Transport layer) protocol. See RFC 793.

TCP is used in almost everything that needs reliability (such as retransmitting lost packets). HTTP, SMTP, ssh.

The full state diagram for TCP connections is fairly complex:

File:Tcp-state-diagram.jpg

See page 23 in RFC 793 for the state diagram in the publically available RFC.

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